Graduate Students in Linguistics (GSIL) publications list

Two Types of Dependency

Ayumi Ueyama
1998

Abstract

The aim of this thesis is to examine the linguistic conditions on anaphoric relations between two linguistic expressions A and B, and to present a theory of Grammar which generates the output representations based on which A and B can be related to the same individual(s).

Chapter 2 provides background discussion for the remainder of the thesis. It is shown that the so-called scrambling construction in Japanese is structurally two-way ambiguous; one type of this construction (which shall be called _Surface OS-type_) is crucially used to argue for the claims to be proposed in the subsequent chapters.

Chapters 3 and 4 demonstrate that anaphoric relations are divided into three types when we examine the structural condition for its availability. I thus propose three formal relations that provide basis for an anaphoric relation; they are (i) Formal Dependency (which is contingent upon LF c-command), (ii) co-I-indexation (which has to satisfy the PF precedence requirement in case the antecedent and the dependent term are in the same sentence), and (iii) co-D-indexation (the establishment of which is not syntactically constrained in principle).

Chapter 5 considers how these three relations are to be interpreted. I claim that Formal Dependency is basically mapped to bound variable anaphora, while co-I-indexation forms an E-type link, assuming the characterization of an E-type link in lines with Evans 1980. These two relations are _dependencies_ in the sense that the dependent term can be interpreted only if there is a linguistic antecedent. Co-D-indexation, on the other hand, is not a dependency, and the two co-D-indexed expressions are simply independently referential.

Chapter 6 summarizes the proposals, and discusses further issues on the organization of Grammar.

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